Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Dynamic feedback BacGuard anchors microbial metabolism to host symbiosis in real-time ulcerative colitis therapy

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.05.060

Figure Lengend Snippet: BacGuard promotes colon tissue repairment. a) Scheme of microbiota-dependent epithelial repair mechanism orchestrated by BacGuard. b) Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profile alterations. n = 6. c) BacGuard-induced probiotic proliferation and d) quantitative results. n = 3. e) Immunofluorescence analysis of ILC3 (ROR γt + CD3 − cells) in colon tissue. f) Flow cytometric analysis of lamina propria lymphocytes (ROR γt + ). n = 3. g) Concentration of IL-22 in MNK-3 cells. n = 3. h) Representative PAS-staining (upper panel) and MUC-2 immunohistochemistry (lower panel) images of colon tissues. n = 5. ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For the detection of IL-22 and LPS concentrations, the Mouse IL-22 Precoated ELISA Kit (DAKEWE, China) and Mouse LPS ELISA Kit (JONLNBIO, China) were employed correspondingly.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Concentration Assay, Staining, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Zhuhuang Granules alleviate psoriatic inflammation via restoring gut microbiota balance and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-05231-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZH reduces IMQ-induced inflammatory responses and abnormal proliferation in mice. A Representative spleen images and spleen weight quantification. B Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of Ki67 in skin lesions (left panel) and quantification of its AOD (right panel). C qRT-PCR analysis of Il-22 , Il-1β , Tnf-α , and Ccl20 mRNA expression in lesion skin tissues. D ELISA quantification of IL-22, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL20 protein levels in lesion skin tissues. n = 6 (biological replicates). Data are analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed Tukey’s post hoc test. ** P < 0.01 vs. Control group; # P < 0.05; ## P < 0.01 vs. IMQ group

Article Snippet: The concentrations of IL-22 (Cat. #E-EL-M2446, Elabscience, Wuhan, China), TNF-α (Cat. #CSB-E04741m, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), IL-1β (Cat. #CSB-E08054m, Cusabio), and CCL20 (Cat. #CSB-E04668m, Cusabio) were quantified as per the protocols of the manufacturers.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Immunohistochemistry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Analysis, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Zhuhuang Granules alleviate psoriatic inflammation via restoring gut microbiota balance and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-05231-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: ZH alters gut microbiota composition and function in IMQ-induced mice. A Random forest analysis ranking bacterial taxa based on their importance in group classification using the Gini index. B Relative abundances of the top-ranked taxa across different groups. C Pearson correlation analysis between significantly altered bacterial taxa and skin inflammatory cytokines, including IL-22, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL20. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: The concentrations of IL-22 (Cat. #E-EL-M2446, Elabscience, Wuhan, China), TNF-α (Cat. #CSB-E04741m, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), IL-1β (Cat. #CSB-E08054m, Cusabio), and CCL20 (Cat. #CSB-E04668m, Cusabio) were quantified as per the protocols of the manufacturers.

Techniques: Analysis

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Zhuhuang Granules alleviate psoriatic inflammation via restoring gut microbiota balance and enhancing intestinal barrier integrity

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-05231-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gut microbiota depletion attenuates the therapeutic effects of ZH against IMQ-induced psoriasis-like inflammation. A Schematic diagram of the experimental design for antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion and subsequent establishment of the IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis model. B Quantification of fecal bacterial abundance by qPCR to assess the efficacy of antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion. C Representative images of dorsal skin lesions in mice from the indicated groups. D PASI scores for scaling, erythema, thickness, and total scores. E Representative images of spleens (left) and quantification of spleen weight (right). F Representative images of H&E-stained dorsal skin sections (left) and quantification of epidermal thickness (right). G Representative immunohistochemical staining of Ki67 in dorsal skin lesions (left) and quantification of Ki67-positive cells (right). H Relative mRNA expression levels of Il-22 , Il-1β , Tnf-α , and Ccl20 in dorsal skin lesions determined by qPCR. I Protein levels of IL-22, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CCL20 in dorsal skin lesions determined by ELISA. For panels B, the Control and ABX groups each contained 12 mice before randomization; for panels C-I, mice were randomly allocated into four groups ( n = 6 per group): IMQ, IMQ + ABX, IMQ + M-ZH, and IMQ + M-ZH + ABX. Data are analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed Tukey’s post hoc test. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 vs. IMQ group; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 vs. IMQ + ABX group; & P < 0.05, && P < 0.01 vs. IMQ + M-ZH group

Article Snippet: The concentrations of IL-22 (Cat. #E-EL-M2446, Elabscience, Wuhan, China), TNF-α (Cat. #CSB-E04741m, Cusabio, Wuhan, China), IL-1β (Cat. #CSB-E08054m, Cusabio), and CCL20 (Cat. #CSB-E04668m, Cusabio) were quantified as per the protocols of the manufacturers.

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Medicine

Article Title: Effects of topical Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract cream on IL-22 and filaggrin in a murine model of atopic dermatitis

doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1883375

Figure Lengend Snippet: Skin-tissue IL-22 concentrations across the experimental groups.

Article Snippet: Cutaneous IL-22 concentrations were quantified using a mouse IL-22 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Elabscience, catalog no. E-EL-M2446, Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Control, Positive Control

Journal: Frontiers in Medicine

Article Title: Effects of topical Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract cream on IL-22 and filaggrin in a murine model of atopic dermatitis

doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1883375

Figure Lengend Snippet: Skin-tissue IL-22 concentrations after topical administration of A. bilimbi leaf extract cream in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis.

Article Snippet: Cutaneous IL-22 concentrations were quantified using a mouse IL-22 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Elabscience, catalog no. E-EL-M2446, Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Tissue, Cream

Journal: Frontiers in Medicine

Article Title: Effects of topical Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extract cream on IL-22 and filaggrin in a murine model of atopic dermatitis

doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1883375

Figure Lengend Snippet: Post-hoc Dunn test with Benjamini–Hochberg FDR correction for IL-22 levels.

Article Snippet: Cutaneous IL-22 concentrations were quantified using a mouse IL-22 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Elabscience, catalog no. E-EL-M2446, Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Comparison, Positive Control, Control

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Downregulating CHI3L2 via the STAT3 Pathway: The Mechanism of Calcitriol in Suppressing Psoriatic Inflammation and Keratinocyte Hyperproliferation

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.71367

Figure Lengend Snippet: Topical calcitriol application ameliorates IMQ‐induced psoriasis in mice. (A) Schematic illustration of the unilateral ear model experimental design. (B) Serum calcium levels. (C) Body weight changes. (D) Clinical severity scores (erythema, scaling and thickness) of the right ear, assessed on indicated days using a 0–4 scale. Cumulative scores are presented as mean ± SD. (E) Representative photographs of the right ear at endpoint. (F) Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of right ear sections. Scale bar = 100 μm. (G) Relative mRNA expression levels of IL‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐17A and IL‐23A . Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: To mimic psoriatic keratinocyte dysfunction, HaCaT cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL M5 (IL‐17A, IL‐22, IL‐1α, oncostatin M and TNF‐α) (ABclonal Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China) for 24 h as reported previously [ , , , ].

Techniques: Staining, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Downregulating CHI3L2 via the STAT3 Pathway: The Mechanism of Calcitriol in Suppressing Psoriatic Inflammation and Keratinocyte Hyperproliferation

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.71367

Figure Lengend Snippet: Topical calcitriol treatment ameliorates distant psoriatic skin lesions in the bilateral ear model. (A) Schematic illustration of the bilateral ear model experimental design. (B) Serum calcium levels. (C) Body weight changes. (D) Clinical severity scores (erythema, scaling and thickness) of the right ear, assessed on indicated days using a 0–4 scale. Cumulative scores are presented as mean ± SD. (E) Representative photographs of the left ear at endpoint. (F) Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of left ear sections. Scale bar = 100 μm. (G) Relative mRNA expression levels of IL‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐17A and IL‐23A . Data are presented as mean ± SD. ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: To mimic psoriatic keratinocyte dysfunction, HaCaT cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL M5 (IL‐17A, IL‐22, IL‐1α, oncostatin M and TNF‐α) (ABclonal Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China) for 24 h as reported previously [ , , , ].

Techniques: Staining, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Downregulating CHI3L2 via the STAT3 Pathway: The Mechanism of Calcitriol in Suppressing Psoriatic Inflammation and Keratinocyte Hyperproliferation

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.71367

Figure Lengend Snippet: Calcitriol ameliorates M5‐induced abnormal proliferation, migration and inflammatory responses in HaCaT cells. (A) Protein expression levels of KRT1 and KRT6 were determined by Western blot analysis, with β‐Actin serving as the internal loading control. (B) Cell viability was assessed in different treatment groups. (C) Colony formation assay was performed to evaluate the proliferative capacity of cells in each group. (D) Representative images of wound healing assay at 0 and 24 h post‐treatment. Scale bar = 400 μm. (E) Relative mRNA expression levels of IL‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐17A and IL‐23A . Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: To mimic psoriatic keratinocyte dysfunction, HaCaT cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL M5 (IL‐17A, IL‐22, IL‐1α, oncostatin M and TNF‐α) (ABclonal Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China) for 24 h as reported previously [ , , , ].

Techniques: Migration, Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Colony Assay, Wound Healing Assay

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Downregulating CHI3L2 via the STAT3 Pathway: The Mechanism of Calcitriol in Suppressing Psoriatic Inflammation and Keratinocyte Hyperproliferation

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.71367

Figure Lengend Snippet: Calcitriol ameliorates M5‐induced psoriasis‐like phenotypes through CHI3L2 downregulation. (A) The mRNA expression of RPL36A, PPBP, UBE2F, MGC32805, IL4I1, LINC00519, CHI3L2, ABHD14A and PCDHGB7 , validated by RT‐qPCR assay. (B) Efficacy of shRNA‐mediated CHI3L2 knockdown confirmed by RT‐qPCR. (C) Protein expression levels of KRT1 and KRT6 were determined by Western blot analysis, with β‐Actin serving as the internal loading control. (D) Cell viability was assessed in different treatment groups. (E) Representative images of wound healing assay at 0 and 24 h post‐treatment. Scale bar = 400 μm. (F) Relative mRNA expression levels of IL‐1α, IL‐6, IL‐17A and IL‐23A . Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: To mimic psoriatic keratinocyte dysfunction, HaCaT cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL M5 (IL‐17A, IL‐22, IL‐1α, oncostatin M and TNF‐α) (ABclonal Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China) for 24 h as reported previously [ , , , ].

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, shRNA, Knockdown, Western Blot, Control, Wound Healing Assay